3.1 Ordinary water reduce agent
Ordinary water-reduced admixture yog ib qho khoom siv uas tuaj yeem txo cov dej sib xyaw thaum tswj kom muaj qhov sib xws ntawm cov pob zeb. Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom muaj zog thaum ntxov, hom qauv thiab hom kev teeb tsa qeeb. Nws cov khoom feem ntau yog lignosulfonate, xws li calcium lignosulfonate, sodium lignosulfonate, magnesium lignosulfonate, thiab lwm yam. Nws cov dej txo qis, feem ntau yog 8% mus rau 14%. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev siv hauv pob zeb nrog qhov kub thiab txias siab tshaj 5 degree. Nws tsis haum rau siv ib leeg hauv chav kho pob zeb thiab pob zeb nrog lub zog qib siab tshaj C40.
3.2 High-efficiency dej txo tus neeg sawv cev
High-efficiency dej-txo admixture yog ib qho admixture uas tuaj yeem txo cov dej sib xyaw kom zoo thaum tuav cov pob zeb sib xws. Nws muab faib ua hom qauv thiab hom retarded. Nws cov khoom feem ntau yog polycyclic aromatic, sulfonate, dej-soluble resin sulfonate, thiab aliphatic. Tam sim no, nrog rau ntau daim ntawv thov ntawm polycarboxylate dej-txo tus neeg sawv cev, thiab qee lub tuam txhab siv polycarboxylic acid niam cawv los npaj cov tshuaj txo cov dej kom zoo. Standard high-efficiency dej-txo admixture yog tsim rau kev tsim vaj tse nyob qhov twg txhua hnub yam tsawg kawg nkaus kub yog siab tshaj 0 degree , thiab kuj yuav siv tau rau chav-kho pob zeb. Retarded high-efficiency dej-txo admixture yog haum rau loj-ntim pob zeb, cov menyuam compacted pob zeb, pob zeb tsim nyob rau hauv kub kub, pob zeb uas yuav tsum tau nres rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm los yog thauj mus rau lub sij hawm ntev, thiab lwm yam.
3.3 Kev ua haujlwm siab dej txo tus neeg sawv cev
Kev ua haujlwm siab dej-txo cov khoom siv muaj cov dej txo qis dua, zoo dua cov khoom tuav pov tseg, kev ziab me me, thiab qee qhov huab cua nkag tau zoo dua li cov khoom siv dej txo qis. Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom muaj zog thaum ntxov, hom qauv thiab hom retarded, thiab nws cov tshuaj lom neeg feem ntau yog polycarboxylic acids. Retarded high-performance dej-txo admixtures yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv tej yaam num uas yuav tsum tau siv sij hawm ntev thiab loj pouring ntim. Thaum ntxov-lub zog thiab tus qauv kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov dej-txo cov khoom siv feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov khoom siv precast xws li pob zeb uas yuav tsum tau muaj zog thaum ntxov. Hauv kev ua vaj tse xws li cov ntaub thaiv npog thiab prefabricated pem teb slabs.
3.4 Air entraining agent
Air-entraining tus neeg sawv cev yog ib qho kev sib xyaw uas tuaj yeem ua kom paub ntau tus neeg sib npaug, ruaj khov thiab kaw micro- npuas thaum sib xyaw ntawm cov pob zeb. Nws cov khoom muaj xws li rosin resins, alkyl thiab alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon sulfonates, fatty cawv sulfonates, nonionic polyethers, triterpene saponins, thiab lwm yam. Cua-entraining agents tuaj yeem ua tiav huab cua-entraining los, tsim kaw pores hauv pob zeb, thiab txhim kho lub khov-thaw tsis kam ntawm pob zeb. Lawv feem ntau siv rau hauv cov phiaj xwm pob zeb hauv qhov chaw khov-thaw lub voj voog.
3.5 Accelerating tus neeg sawv cev
Accelerating admixture yog ib qho admixture uas tuaj yeem teem caij sai thiab ua kom pob zeb. Nws suav nrog: ① Powdered accelerators nrog aluminates, carbonates, thiab lwm yam raws li cov khoom tseem ceeb; ② Tsawg-alkali hmoov nrog txhuas sulfate, aluminium hydroxide, thiab lwm yam raws li lub ntsiab Cheebtsam thiab compounded nrog rau lwm yam inorganic ntsev thiab organic tshuaj. Accelerating chaw tus neeg saib xyuas, ③ Ua kua accelerating tus neeg sawv cev muaj li ntawm aluminate thiab silicate raws li lub ntsiab Cheebtsam thiab lwm yam inorganic ntsev thiab organic tshuaj, ④ Aluminium sulfate, aluminium hydroxide, thiab lwm yam raws li lub ntsiab Cheebtsam thiab compounded nrog rau lwm yam inorganic ntsev thiab organic tshuaj. -alkali kua accelerator. Accelerated chaw ua hauj lwm feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm sprayed pob zeb. Kev sib xyaw ua haujlwm ntawm cov kua ua kom nrawm nrawm yog qhov zoo dua, tab sis kev thauj mus los kuj nyuaj; qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm hmoov accelerating cov neeg sawv cev nrog cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke tsis zoo, tab sis kev thauj mus los yooj yim. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov pob zeb thiab tswj cov chloride ion cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus alkali hauv cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj chlorine-free thiab low-alkali accelerators tau dhau los ua txoj kev loj hlob yav tom ntej.
3.6 Expansion agent
Expansion tus neeg sawv cev yog ib qho kev sib xyaw uas tuaj yeem ua rau qee qhov ntim nthuav dav ntawm pob zeb. Nws muaj ntau yam xws li: ① calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent, ② calcium sulfoaluminate-calcium oxide expansion agent, ③ calcium oxide expansion agent. Cov pob zeb nthuav dav feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov pob zeb uas yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau qhov shrinkage, xws li cov pob zeb tawg-resistant, steel tube pob zeb, thiab lwm yam. Hauv kev tsim vaj tsev, cov khoom siv nthuav dav feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov kab nrib pleb.
3.7 Rust inhibitor
Rust inhibitor yog ib qho kev sib xyaw uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lossis txo qhov corrosion ntawm steel tuav lossis lwm yam khoom siv hlau hauv pob zeb. Raws li cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua inorganic xeb inhibitors thiab organic xeb inhibitors. Raws li cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua anodic xeb inhibitors, cathodic xeb inhibitors thiab sib xyaw xeb inhibitors. Raws li cov xeb inhibitors, ib qho kev tiv thaiv zaj duab xis yog tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm steel bar. Cov yam ntxwv tuaj yeem muab faib ua adsorption hom xeb inhibitors, nag lossis daus hom xeb inhibitors thiab oxide zaj duab xis hom xeb inhibitors. Raws li daim ntawv thov txheej txheem hauv pob zeb, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom xeb inhibitors thiab tsiv teb tsaws hom xeb inhibitors. Feem ntau siv rau hauv cov pob zeb muaj zog, prestressed pob zeb thiab steel fiber ntau pob zeb hauv qhov chaw corrosive uas tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau xeb ntawm steel tuav.